A reduced ability to process and respond to visual stimuli, is a cerebral difference that severely compromises impacts a person’s individual’s ability to learn, interact with their environment and access incidental learning. This is inequity is pronouced when this difference is not understood or recognised in teaching strategies .
‘Broadly speaking there are four ways in which vision can be affected in Autism and Sensory Processing Disorder’ writes Professor Rachel Pilling on her ASD and Vision page. The way people with diverse brains use their vision can be a little different to neurotypical people.
Yet, these simple accommodations can be used universally to support many.
1. Central Dominant Processors
These individuals focus intensely on a small part of their central vision.
Strategies: Use large, high-contrast images and text. Reduce visual distractions (plain backgrounds, cover unnecessary details). Encourage short breaks and use techniques like “rock to block” to manage sensory overload.
2. Peripheral Dominant Processors
These individuals rely more on their peripheral (side) vision, which is less detailed but less overwhelming. They may avoid using their central vision because it can be too intense.
Strategies Use larger, simpler communication tools like oversized picture cards. Create a more structured environment with clear, consistent visuals. Provide tactile feedback, like using textured markers or larger, soft pencils for writing.
Posture Deficient Processors
These individuals struggle with spatial awareness and body positioning. They might have difficulty understanding where their body is in space and aligning their movements with their surroundings.
Strategies: Use visual aids and tactile markers to help them understand their space. Practice fine motor skills with larger, easier-to-grip tools. Incorporate movement activities that help improve spatial awareness, like navigating through obstacle courses.
Single Channel Processors These individuals have difficulty processing multiple sensory inputs simultaneously. They may be overwhelmed by too much visual information or struggle to balance visual and auditory stimuli. They might find it hard to focus on a task if there are too many distractions or if they need to process both sight and sound at the same time.
Strategies: Break tasks into smaller, manageable chunks and provide frequent breaks. Use visual and auditory cues separately rather than simultaneously. Provide a quiet, clutter-free
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