Let’s explore AAC using four simple questions:
What? Why? When? How?
What is AAC?
AAC stands for Augmentative and Alternative Communication. It refers to any method that supports or replaces spoken language for individuals who have difficulty with communication.
AAC methods include:
- Low-tech options: signing (such as Makaton, which simplifies language by removing grammar), picture cards, communication boards
- High-tech solutions: speech-generating devices or tablet-based communication apps
AAC enables individuals to communicate in ways that work for them. It promotes inclusion, supports understanding, and ensures everyone has a voice.
Alternative – a different way of communicating
Augmentative – something that supports or enhances
Communication – how we understand and are understood
Why Don’t We Know More About AAC?
AAC is still an emerging field. Many professionals – including teachers, support staff, and even some therapists – may not have received specific training in AAC. This increases the importance for parents, carers, and educators to take an active role. They should engage in learning, applying, and integrating AAC into everyday life.
Why Model AAC?
Some children experience the world differently and may not benefit from traditional teaching methods. This is often due to neurodiversity — a natural variation in how people think, learn, and communicate.
AAC helps bridge communication gaps, ensuring all children have opportunities to express themselves meaningfully.
Mindset shift: AAC isn’t just a tool for therapy. It should be used across everyday environments — at home, in school, and out in the community.
When Should We Use AAC?
As often as possible. AAC should be embedded in daily routines — not saved for special occasions or therapy sessions.
Regular, consistent use of AAC:
- Builds familiarity and confidence
- Increases opportunities for expression
- Reinforces learning through repetition
The more naturally and frequently it is used, the more beneficial it becomes.
How Does AAC Help?
Let’s reimagine the SEN (Special Educational Needs) acronym to highlight the benefits of AAC:
- S – Speed: AAC gives time and space to those who process language more slowly
- E – Empathy: Using AAC builds understanding of the effort and thought involved in communication
- N – Neurodiversity: AAC celebrates diverse communication styles rather than enforcing one way of learning
AAC isn’t just a tool — it’s a respectful and inclusive approach to communication.
Learning by Doing: Daily Practice
AAC works best when it’s modelled, not demanded. Children learn naturally by watching others use AAC in real, everyday situations.
Start small:
- Model a simple word like “hi” once a day using a sign or device
- Use AAC during daily activities — mealtimes, play, transitions, or saying “thank you” and “goodbye”
Demand avoidance
For children who are demand avoidant, especially those with a history of intensive therapy, pressure can cause withdrawal. Instead:
- Use AAC with them and around them
- Model it naturally in conversations with friends, family, and out in the community
- Let others see what inclusive communication can look like
Daily, No-Pressure Strategy
Don’t feel pressured to do everything at once. This is a journey. Life is already full of competing demands.
Begin by gently introducing AAC every day, in a relaxed and familiar way. Use it during:
- Greetings and farewells
- Commenting (e.g., “I like that”, “You don’t like it”)
- Routines (e.g., “What time is it?”, “Who is here?”, “Where are we going?”)
Making AAC visible and consistent in the community helps:
- Build confidence and understanding
- Reduce anxiety and resistance
- Encourage others to support AAC use in shared spaces
Natural Language Acquisition (NLA) and AAC
Natural Language Acquisition (NLA) is a research-based theory. It shows that children often follow the same stages of language development. This includes those with cognitive or global developmental differences. They do so at their own pace.
This means we should use AAC alongside natural speech, supporting our children by:
- Enriching communication with signs, visuals, and devices
- Slowing down our own speech to allow time for processing
AAC doesn’t replace spoken language — it lays the foundation for self-expression and language growth.
Why Use Scripts in AAC?
Scripts help children learn key phrases or routines through repetition. They also help adults by:
- Keeping language consistent and predictable
- Simplifying communication
- Breaking down complex ideas into smaller parts
Example script:
“Hi, I’m James. What’s your name?”
You can then programme friends’ names and gradually build the script to support social interaction and confidence.
Encouraging Spontaneous Communication
Spontaneous communication is when a child initiates interaction without being prompted. It can be the most difficult — and most rewarding — skill to develop.
It shows:
- Confidence
- Comprehension
- Ownership of their communication
How to encourage it:
- Provide access to a variety of tools: signs, visuals, gestures, speech-generating devices
- Create a safe, accepting space for all forms of communication
- Use songs, stories, and imaginative play — they build rhythm, prosody (tone and flow), pronunciation, and creativity
Frequently Asked Questions about AAC
Q: Will AAC stop my child from learning to speak?
A: No. In fact, AAC supports speech development. Giving children a reliable way to communicate reduces frustration and builds confidence in using all forms of communication.
Q: Isn’t AAC only for non-verbal children?
A: Not at all. AAC assists anyone who has difficulties using or understanding spoken language. This includes individuals who speak sometimes, speak in limited ways, or do not speak at all.
Q: What if my child doesn’t want to use AAC?
A: That’s OK. Start by modelling without pressure. Children need time to become familiar with AAC. Focus on exposure and connection.
Q: Does AAC make things more complicated for families or teachers?
A: Initially, it can feel like a learning curve — but once daily habits form, AAC becomes second nature. It often reduces stress by making communication clearer.
Q: Can I use AAC if I’m not trained?
A: Yes! You don’t need to be an expert. Start with simple words or signs in meaningful contexts — such as greetings, routines, or favourite activities.
Coming Next
Literacy and AAC: Building Reading and Writing Skills
The Benefits of Storytelling and Singing in AAC
How stories and songs support language development, imagination, confidence, and meaningful expression — through fun and connection.
I am James' mum 